{"id":6229,"date":"2021-07-29T12:57:38","date_gmt":"2021-07-29T09:57:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bestessayhomework.com\/tr\/?p=6229"},"modified":"2021-07-29T12:57:38","modified_gmt":"2021-07-29T09:57:38","slug":"gida-isinlama-surecleri-is-sagligi-ve-guvenligi-odevleri-is-sagligi-ve-guvenligi-tez-yaptirma-isg-is-sagligi-ve-guvenligi-tez-yaptirma-ucretleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bestessayhomework.com\/tr\/gida-isinlama-surecleri-is-sagligi-ve-guvenligi-odevleri-is-sagligi-ve-guvenligi-tez-yaptirma-isg-is-sagligi-ve-guvenligi-tez-yaptirma-ucretleri\/","title":{"rendered":"GIDA I\u015eINLAMA S\u00dcRE\u00c7LER\u0130 \u2013 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi \u00d6devleri \u2013 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Tez Yapt\u0131rma \u2013 \u0130SG \u2013 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Tez Yapt\u0131rma \u00dccretleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u0131da End\u00fcstrisinde Radyasyon Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0130nsanlar radyasyon kelimesini duyduklar\u0131nda genellikle n\u00fckleer santralleri, n\u00fckleer silahlar\u0131 veya kanser i\u00e7in radyasyon tedavilerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler. EPA’n\u0131n (2008c) i\u015faret etti\u011fi gibi, listeye mikrodalgalar, radar, elektrik hatlar\u0131, cep telefonlar\u0131 ve g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da eklemek do\u011fru olacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Elektromanyetik bir spektrum olu\u015fturan bir dizi enerjiye sahip bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 radyasyon t\u00fcr\u00fc vard\u0131r. G\u0131da \u0131\u015f\u0131nlama i\u015fleminde kullan\u0131lan radyasyon t\u00fcr\u00fc, molek\u00fcllerdeki kimyasal ba\u011flar\u0131 k\u0131rmak veya atomlardan s\u0131k\u0131ca ba\u011fl\u0131 elektronlar\u0131 uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in yeterli enerjiye sahiptir, b\u00f6ylece y\u00fckl\u00fc molek\u00fcller veya atomlar (iyonlar) olu\u015fturur. Bu t\u00fcr radyasyona iyonla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 radyasyon denir.<\/span><\/p>\n

GIDA I\u015eINLAMA END\u00dcSTR\u0130S\u0130N\u0130N N\u0130TEL\u0130\u011e\u0130<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

G\u0131da \u0131\u015f\u0131nlamas\u0131, \u00fclkenin g\u0131da arz\u0131n\u0131 korumak ve korumak i\u00e7in uygulanan mevcut teknolojilerden biridir. Yiyecekleri \u0131\u015f\u0131nlamak yeni bir fikir de\u011fil; ilk olarak Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri’nde II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, ABD Ordusu, milyonlarca kad\u0131n ve erke\u011fi \u00fcniformal\u0131 beslemek i\u00e7in meyve, sebze ve et deneylerini destekledi\u011finde ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bilim adamlar\u0131, pestisitler ve herbisitler gibi kimyasallar kullanmadan g\u0131dalar\u0131 koruman\u0131n yeni yollar\u0131n\u0131 ar\u0131yorlard\u0131. G\u0131dalar\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131nlanmas\u0131, g\u0131dalar\u0131 korumak ve onu istenmeyen zararl\u0131lardan ve patojenik organizmalardan ar\u0131nd\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir tekniktir. G\u0131dalar s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 miktarda iyonla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 radyasyona maruz kal\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck miktarlarda radyasyon kullan\u0131m\u0131, g\u0131da arz\u0131n\u0131n kalitesini iyile\u015ftirmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir. G\u0131da \u0131\u015f\u0131nlamas\u0131n\u0131n \u201cso\u011fuk tedavi\u201d oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenir, yani g\u0131dan\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok az y\u00fckseltir, besin kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u0131dadaki yap\u0131sal de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri en aza indirir.<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u0131dalar\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131nlanmas\u0131, hastal\u0131\u011fa neden olan patojenlerin ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na, g\u0131da kaynakl\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131na ve ayr\u0131ca meyve, sebze, ot ve et \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin raf \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn korunmas\u0131na ve uzat\u0131lmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir. CDC’ye (2005) g\u00f6re \u0131\u015f\u0131nlama, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda 50’den fazla g\u0131da i\u00e7in 35’ten fazla \u00fclkede kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in onaylanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u0131da \u0131\u015f\u0131nlamas\u0131 \u015fu alanlarda kullan\u0131l\u0131yor;<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u25a0 k\u00fcf geli\u015fimini ve b\u00f6cek istilas\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin<\/span>
\n\u25a0 patates, so\u011fan ve sar\u0131msak gibi k\u00f6k sebzelerde filizlenmeyi engeller<\/span>
\n\u25a0 meyve ve sebzelerin raf \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131rmak<\/span>
\n\u25a0 bazen et ve di\u011fer g\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde bulunan parazitleri yok edin<\/span>
\n\u25a0 otlar ve baharatlardaki mikroorganizmalar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini kontrol eder<\/span>
\n\u25a0 k\u00fcmes hayvanlar\u0131 ve di\u011fer etlerde bakteriyel kontaminasyonu ve \u00fcremeyi azaltmak<\/span>
\n\u25a0 mahsul\u00fcn depolanmas\u0131 ve muhafazas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda kimyasallara ve pestisitlere olan ihtiyac\u0131 azaltmak<\/span>
\n\u25a0 NASA’n\u0131n astronotlar\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bask\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f hastane hastalar\u0131 i\u00e7in sterilize edilmi\u015f yiyecekler sa\u011flamak<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u0131da \u0131\u015f\u0131nlama y\u00f6ntemi, \u00fclkenin g\u0131da arz\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fine ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in denenmi\u015f ve ger\u00e7ek bir yol olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u0131\u015f\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f g\u0131da hala Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri’nde yayg\u0131n olarak sat\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar radyasyon kelimesini veya radyasyonla ilgili herhangi bir \u015feyi duyduklar\u0131nda, zihinlerinde an\u0131nda \u00c7ernobil ve Three Mile Island gibi n\u00fckleer reakt\u00f6r erimelerinin g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri canlan\u0131yor.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck radyasyon kazalar\u0131, n\u00fckleer maddenin ilk sal\u0131n\u0131m\u0131ndan sonra y\u0131llarca hastal\u0131k, \u00f6l\u00fcm ve umutsuzluk getirir. Kazalar s\u0131ras\u0131nda n\u00fckleer santrallerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar risk alt\u0131ndad\u0131r ve s\u0131kl\u0131kla y\u00fcksek dozda radyasyona maruz kal\u0131rlar. Neyse ki, g\u0131da \u0131\u015f\u0131nlamas\u0131 i\u015finde n\u00fckleer reakt\u00f6rler s\u00fcrecin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 de\u011fil.<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u0131da \u0131\u015f\u0131nlama<\/a> nedir<\/span>
\nG\u0131da \u0131\u015f\u0131nlama y\u00f6ntemleri<\/span>
\nG\u0131dalar\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131nlanmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar<\/span>
\nG\u0131da \u0131\u015f\u0131nlama zararlar\u0131<\/span>
\nG\u0131dalarda radyasyon uygulamas\u0131<\/span>
\nG\u0131dalar\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131nlanmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan y\u00f6ntemler<\/span>
\nG\u0131da \u0131\u015f\u0131nlama Y\u00d6NETMEL\u0130\u011e\u0130<\/span>
\nG\u0131da Teknolojisinde \u0131\u015f\u0131nlaman\u0131n Yeri ve \u00d6nemi<\/span><\/p>\n

GIDA I\u015eINLAMA S\u00dcRE\u00c7LER\u0130<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

G\u0131da \u0131\u015f\u0131nlama tesisleri radyoaktif at\u0131k olu\u015fturmazlar ve radyoaktif hale gelmezler. T\u00fcm g\u0131da \u0131\u015f\u0131nlama tesislerinin ortak \u00f6zellikleri \u0131\u015f\u0131nlama odas\u0131 ve g\u0131day\u0131 odan\u0131n i\u00e7ine ve d\u0131\u015f\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131mak i\u00e7in bir sistemdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u0131da \u0131\u015f\u0131nlama i\u015flemi, \u00fc\u00e7 tip \u0131\u015f\u0131nlay\u0131c\u0131dan herhangi birini kullanabilir:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u25a0 gama \u0131\u015f\u0131mas\u0131<\/span>
\n\u25a0 elektron \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131nlamas\u0131<\/span>
\n\u25a0 X-\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131nlamas\u0131<\/span><\/p>\n

Gama \u0131\u015f\u0131nlama tesisleri, kobalt-60 (en yayg\u0131n) veya sezyum-137 kullan\u0131m\u0131 yoluyla iyonla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 radyasyon \u00fcretir. Bu radyoaktif maddeler, gama \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan y\u00fcksek enerjili protonlar yayar. Y\u00fcksek enerjili gama \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131, yiyeceklere birka\u00e7 fit derinli\u011fe kadar n\u00fcfuz edebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kullan\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman kaynak, radyasyonu emen bir su banyosuna yerle\u015ftirilir. G\u0131da \u0131\u015f\u0131nlama i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda, kaynak su banyosundan kal\u0131n betondan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir odaya al\u0131n\u0131r. Yakla\u015f\u0131k be\u015f y\u0131l i\u00e7inde kobalt-60 kaynaklar\u0131 y\u00fczde 50’ye d\u00fc\u015fer.<\/span><\/p>\n

Daha sonra yeniden \u015farj edilmek ve yeniden kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in orijinal n\u00fckleer reakt\u00f6re geri g\u00f6nderilirler. Sezyum-137 kaynaklar\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 31 y\u0131lda y\u00fczde 50’ye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor; de\u011fi\u015ftirme nadiren gereklidir. Yeniden i\u015fleme veya depolama i\u00e7in sevk edildi\u011finde, bu maddeler kolay k\u0131r\u0131lmay\u0131 ve s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in \u00f6zel sertle\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u00e7elik bidonlara yerle\u015ftirilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

RADYASYON KAZA #1<\/span><\/strong>
\nDecatur, Georgia, 1988. Radyasyon Sterilizat\u00f6rleri A.\u015e. (RSI), su depolama havuzuna sezyum 137 kaps\u00fcl s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 bildirdi. Havuz suyu s\u00fcrekli olarak sirk\u00fcle edilmi\u015f ve demineralizer arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla izlenmi\u015f olsayd\u0131, s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 daha \u00f6nce tespit edilebilirdi. Havuz suyunun fark edilmeden \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kirlenmesi, tesisin ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n kirlenmesi meydana geldi. Temizleme maliyetleri 30 milyon dolar\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Elektron \u0131\u015f\u0131nl\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131nlay\u0131c\u0131lar, iyonla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 radyasyon \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in radyoaktif kaynaklar kullanmazlar. Elektron \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 teknolojisinin dezavantaj\u0131, g\u0131daya yaln\u0131zca yakla\u015f\u0131k bir in\u00e7 derinlikte n\u00fcfuz etme kabiliyetine sahip olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bir elektron \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131, bir elektron tabancas\u0131ndan f\u0131rlat\u0131lan y\u00fcksek enerjili elektronlar\u0131 i\u00e7eren ak\u0131mdan olu\u015fur. Elektron \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 jenerat\u00f6r\u00fc kolayca a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p kapat\u0131labilir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 y\u00fcksek enerji \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131ndan korumak i\u00e7in, gama \u0131\u015f\u0131nlay\u0131c\u0131larla gerekti\u011fi gibi kal\u0131n beton bariyerler kadar de\u011fil, yine de bir miktar koruma gereklidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

X-\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131nlamas\u0131, g\u0131dalar\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131nlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in en yeni teknolojidir. G\u0131dalar\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131nlamak i\u00e7in \u00fcretilen r\u00f6ntgen cihaz\u0131, hastanelerde ve di\u015f muayenehanelerinde g\u00fcnl\u00fck uygulamalarda kullan\u0131lan\u0131n sadece daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir versiyonudur. X-\u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131, bir metal plakaya bir elektron ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n bombard\u0131man\u0131 ile \u00fcretilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek enerjili fotonlar veya X \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 verilir. X-\u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 yo\u011fun ve kal\u0131n g\u0131dalardan ge\u00e7ebilir. X-\u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7ok fazla koruma gerektirir; ancak, elektron \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 teknolojisine benzer \u015fekilde, hi\u00e7bir radyoaktif kaynak s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir ve X-ray makinesi a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p kapat\u0131labilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

RADYASYON KAZA #2<\/span><\/strong>
\nMaryland, 1991. Bir i\u015f\u00e7i, bir elektron \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131ndan gelen iyonla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 radyasyona maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ciddi \u015fekilde yaraland\u0131. Kurban\u0131n ayaklar\u0131nda, y\u00fcz\u00fcnde ve kafa derisinde yaralar ve kabarc\u0131klar olu\u015ftu ve iki elinde parmaklar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

G\u0131da End\u00fcstrisinde Radyasyon Kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u0130nsanlar radyasyon kelimesini duyduklar\u0131nda genellikle n\u00fckleer santralleri, n\u00fckleer silahlar\u0131 veya kanser i\u00e7in radyasyon tedavilerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler. EPA’n\u0131n (2008c) i\u015faret etti\u011fi gibi, listeye mikrodalgalar, radar, elektrik hatlar\u0131, cep telefonlar\u0131 ve g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da eklemek do\u011fru olacakt\u0131r. Elektromanyetik bir spektrum olu\u015fturan bir dizi enerjiye sahip bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 radyasyon t\u00fcr\u00fc vard\u0131r. G\u0131da \u0131\u015f\u0131nlama i\u015fleminde kullan\u0131lan…
Devam\u0131<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":6232,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13147,13142,13145,13141,13144,13146,13143],"tags":[13148,13154,13149,13151,13155,13152,13150,13153],"class_list":["post-6229","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gida-isinlama-nedir","category-gida-isinlama-yonetmeligi","category-gida-isinlama-zararlari","category-gida-teknolojisinde-isinlamanin-yeri-ve-onemi","category-gidalarda-radyasyon-uygulamasi","category-gidalarin-isinlanmasinda-kullanilan-isinlar","category-gidalarin-isinlanmasinda-kullanilan-yontemler","tag-gida-isinlama-nedir","tag-gida-isinlama-yonetmeligi","tag-gida-isinlama-yontemleri","tag-gida-isinlama-zararlari","tag-gida-teknolojisinde-isinlamanin-yeri-ve-onemi","tag-gidalarda-radyasyon-uygulamasi","tag-gidalarin-isinlanmasinda-kullanilan-isinlar","tag-gidalarin-isinlanmasinda-kullanilan-yontemler"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t