{"id":7373,"date":"2021-11-07T10:42:49","date_gmt":"2021-11-07T07:42:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bestessayhomework.com\/tr\/?p=7373"},"modified":"2021-11-14T14:35:32","modified_gmt":"2021-11-14T11:35:32","slug":"aydinlatma-turleri-is-sagligi-ve-guvenligi-tez-yaptirma-isg-is-sagligi-ve-guvenligi-tez-yaptirma-ucretleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bestessayhomework.com\/tr\/aydinlatma-turleri-is-sagligi-ve-guvenligi-tez-yaptirma-isg-is-sagligi-ve-guvenligi-tez-yaptirma-ucretleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Ayd\u0131nlatma T\u00fcrleri \u2013 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Tez Yapt\u0131rma \u2013 \u0130SG \u2013 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Tez Yapt\u0131rma \u00dccretleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ayd\u0131nlatmalar <\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Elektrik de\u015farj\u0131, s\u0131zd\u0131rmaz ve k\u0131smen bo\u015falt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015feffaf bir t\u00fcp i\u00e7inde iki elektrot aras\u0131nda bir ark olu\u015fturuldu\u011fu bir lambad\u0131r. T\u00fcp\u00fcn format\u0131na, kalan gaz bas\u0131nc\u0131na ve eklenen eser elementlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00e7ok say\u0131da farkl\u0131 tipte lamba \u00fcretilebilir:<\/span><\/p>\n

1 Tek renkli sar\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131k \u00fcreten, ancak olduk\u00e7a verimli olan, esas olarak yol ayd\u0131nlatmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 sodyum par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

2 D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 c\u0131va Zamp – de\u015farjdan gelen ultraviyole radyasyonun, t\u00fcp\u00fcn i\u00e7indeki bir floresan kaplama (fosfor) arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc her yerde bulunan ‘floresan t\u00fcp’. Floresan lambalar \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekillerde gelir:<\/span><\/p>\n

(a) Hem tam boy (600-2400 mm uzunlu\u011funda) hem de minyat\u00fcr (600 mm’den az uzunlukta) olan lineer lambalar, \u00e7e\u015fitli beyaz ve renklilerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00e7e\u015fitli watt ve verimliliklerde gelir. Geleneksel olarak, halofosfat fosforlar kullan\u0131l\u0131rken renk kalitesi ve verimlilik aras\u0131nda bir denge vard\u0131; modern trifosforlu ve \u00e7ok bantl\u0131 lambalarla art\u0131k durum b\u00f6yle de\u011fil.<\/span>
\n(b) Kompakt lambalar, hem mevcut kurulumlar hem de di\u011fer lamba t\u00fcrleri ile uyumlulu\u011fun \u00f6nemli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha yeni kurulumlar i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme tasar\u0131mlar\u0131nda 5W ile 55W aras\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli bi\u00e7imlerde ve de\u011ferlerde gelir.<\/span><\/p>\n

3 Y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 c\u0131va y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n c\u0131va katk\u0131l\u0131 bir ark t\u00fcp\u00fc i\u00e7indeki de\u015farj yoluyla \u00fcretildi\u011fi, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kullan\u0131lmayan bir lamba t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n rengi mavimsi olma e\u011filimindedir ve verimlilik, \u015fu anda kullan\u0131lan di\u011fer de\u015farj lambas\u0131 t\u00fcrlerinden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Baz\u0131 tropik \u00fclkelerde ‘serin’ \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle hala pop\u00fclerdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

4 Y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 sodyum yumrusu, bir c\u0131va lambas\u0131na benzer, ancak ark t\u00fcp\u00fcn\u00fcn, renk geriverimi ve beyazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcp i\u00e7indeki buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olan sar\u0131 bir \u0131\u015f\u0131k veren sodyum ile takviye edilmesi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda.<\/span><\/p>\n

5 Metal halojen\u00fcr yumru, c\u0131va lambas\u0131na benzer, ancak c\u0131van\u0131n yerini \u00f6zenle tasarlanm\u0131\u015f nadir toprak elementlerinden olu\u015fan bir kokteyl al\u0131r. Renksel geriverim \u00e7ok iyi olabilir ve kokteyldeki uygun element se\u00e7imiyle \u00fcretilen ek renkli \u0131\u015f\u0131kla verimlilik y\u00fcksektir. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ark t\u00fcp\u00fc, \u0131\u015f\u0131k kontrol\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7ok iyi olabilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lamban\u0131n kendisinin, mor\u00f6tesi radyasyonu g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in i\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 fosforla kaplanm\u0131\u015f ve inert bir gaz i\u00e7eren bir cam t\u00fcp oldu\u011fu ind\u00fcksiyon yumrusu. T\u00fcpte meydana gelen de\u015farj, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir elektrom\u0131knat\u0131s veya bir magnetron i\u00e7eren ekipman taraf\u0131ndan lamban\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki bir elektrik veya mikrodalga alan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ba\u015flat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Farkl\u0131 \u00fcreticiler farkl\u0131 fiziksel formatlar benimsemi\u015ftir. Verimlilik olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksektir ve t\u00fcpte hareketli par\u00e7a olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, lamba \u00f6mr\u00fc son derece uzun olabilir ve bu da lambay\u0131 bak\u0131m eri\u015fiminin zor oldu\u011fu yerlerde ideal hale getirir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Armat\u00fcr, ayd\u0131nlatma efekti sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in gerekli t\u00fcm aparatlar i\u00e7in genel bir terimdir. Genellikle lambalar\u0131n montaj\u0131 ve korunmas\u0131, \u0131\u015f\u0131k da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n kontrol edilmesi ve bunlar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131na ba\u011flanmas\u0131, yani t\u00fcm ayd\u0131nlatma donan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in t\u00fcm bile\u015fenleri i\u00e7erir. Bazen kontrol tertibat\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 armat\u00fcrden uza\u011fa monte edilebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Ayd\u0131nlatma<\/a> T\u00fcrleri<\/span>
\nAYDINLATMA t\u00fcrleri \u0130SG<\/span>
\nAYDINLATMA elemanlar\u0131<\/span>
\nYapay ayd\u0131nlatma \u00e7e\u015fitleri<\/span>
\nD\u0131\u015f AYDINLATMA Nedir<\/span>
\nFizyolojik ayd\u0131nlatma<\/span>
\nDo\u011fal AYDINLATMA Nedir<\/span>
\nAyd\u0131nlatma Nedir<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Ayd\u0131nlatma T\u00fcrleri<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ko\u015fullara uygun \u0131\u015f\u0131k kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n se\u00e7imi birka\u00e7 fakt\u00f6re ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Verimlilik, kurulum kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kurulum ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma maliyetleri, bak\u0131m, lamba \u00f6mr\u00fc \u00f6zellikleri, boyut, sa\u011flaml\u0131k ve \u0131s\u0131 ve renk \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 dikkate almak \u00f6nemlidir. Herhangi bir lamban\u0131n verimlili\u011fi (genellikle etkinlik olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r), kullan\u0131lan elektrik birimi ba\u015f\u0131na \u0131\u015f\u0131k \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 (watt ba\u015f\u0131na l\u00fcmen) cinsinden ifade edilebilir. Genel olarak konu\u015fursak, akkor lambalar de\u015farj kaynaklar\u0131ndan daha az verimlidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck derecelendirmelerin genellikle daha b\u00fcy\u00fck derecelendirmelerden daha az verimli oldu\u011funu ve yukar\u0131daki rakamlar\u0131n akkor lambalar hari\u00e7 t\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in gerekli olan kontrol tertibat\u0131ndaki kay\u0131plar\u0131 i\u00e7ermedi\u011fini unutmay\u0131n. Ayr\u0131ca, kontrol di\u015flisi kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n markalar aras\u0131nda \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterebilece\u011fini unutmay\u0131n. Avrupa’da fl\u00fcoresan lambalar i\u00e7in balastlar\u0131n verimlili\u011fi i\u00e7in bir derecelendirme \u015femas\u0131 uygulamaya konmu\u015ftur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Akkor lamba ve di\u011fer lamba t\u00fcrleri aras\u0131ndaki herhangi bir se\u00e7imde, toplam ayd\u0131nlatma maliyetleri yaln\u0131zca \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma maliyetlerini de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda kurulum ve de\u011fi\u015ftirme maliyetlerini de hesaba katmal\u0131d\u0131r. Akkor lambalar\u0131n sat\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve tak\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7ok daha ucuzdur, a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 anda \u0131\u015f\u0131k verirler ve kolayca k\u0131s\u0131labilirler, ancak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131 daha pahal\u0131d\u0131r ve k\u0131sa \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fcd\u00fcrler, bu nedenle bak\u0131m maliyetlerini artt\u0131r\u0131rlar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 de\u015farj ve floresan lambalar\u0131n montaj\u0131 daha maliyetlidir ancak daha y\u00fcksek verimlilikleri ve daha uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrleri, genel ayd\u0131nlatma i\u00e7in onlar\u0131 daha uygun maliyetli hale getirir. Do\u011frusal ve kompakt floresan lambalar, makul bir h\u0131zla tam \u0131\u015f\u0131k \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131rlar, ancak de\u015farj lambalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7arpmas\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan maksimum \u0131\u015f\u0131k \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131na ula\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in biraz zamana ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r ve yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131kla s\u00f6nerlerse yeniden patlamadan \u00f6nce so\u011fumalar\u0131 i\u00e7in birka\u00e7 dakika gerekebilir. Baz\u0131 lambalar i\u00e7in s\u0131cak yeniden vuru\u015f m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr ancak pahal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Daha b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015f yerlerinde se\u00e7im genellikle de\u015farj ve floresan lambalar aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Renk performans\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli oldu\u011fu yerlerde, olduk\u00e7a s\u0131cak alt\u0131n efekti ile sodyum lambas\u0131 uygun olmayabilir ve se\u00e7im genellikle boru \u015feklindeki floresan lamba ile metal halide lamba aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Floresan lamban\u0131n bir s\u0131n\u0131rlamas\u0131, nokta ba\u015f\u0131na s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 y\u00fcklemedir (yani, birim y\u00fczey alan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na daha fazla lamba gereklidir) ve armat\u00fcr\u00fcn y\u00fcksekte konumland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekli oldu\u011fu baz\u0131 at\u00f6lyelerde (\u00f6rne\u011fin, gezer vin\u00e7li at\u00f6lyelerde) y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 de\u015farj lambas\u0131 nokta ba\u015f\u0131na daha y\u00fcksek y\u00fcklemesi (genellikle 1kW’a kadar) s\u0131kl\u0131kla se\u00e7ilir. \u0130nce i\u015flerin ve renksel geriverimin \u00f6nemli oldu\u011fu fabrika ayd\u0131nlatmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ayd\u0131nl\u0131klar<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Gereken ayd\u0131nl\u0131k d\u00fczeyi (ayd\u0131nlatma seviyesi), ilgili g\u00f6revler i\u00e7in gerekli g\u00f6rsel performans ve genel konfor ve konfor gereksinimleri gibi \u015feylere ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k’ta ortalama d\u0131\u015f ayd\u0131nlatma, bulutlu bir g\u00fcnde yakla\u015f\u0131k 5000 l\u00fckst\u00fcr, ancak g\u00fcne\u015fli bir g\u00fcnde bunun 10 kat\u0131 olabilir. Bir i\u015fyerinde, \u00f6rne\u011fin bir pencerenin yan\u0131ndaki bir masada do\u011fal \u0131\u015f\u0131ktan gelen ayd\u0131nlatma, muhtemelen d\u0131\u015f mekanda elde edilen de\u011ferin sadece %20’si kadar olacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma alanlar\u0131 pencerelerden uzakla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a, do\u011fal \u0131\u015f\u0131k, d\u0131\u015f mekan de\u011ferlerinin belki sadece %1 ila %10’u kadar ayd\u0131nl\u0131k de\u011ferleri \u00fcretir, bu nedenle yapay ayd\u0131nlatma ile desteklenmesi gerekir. G\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir i\u00e7 mekana ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 etkinli\u011fi ifade etmenin normal yolu, g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 fakt\u00f6rleri olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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