{"id":8230,"date":"2021-12-27T13:04:49","date_gmt":"2021-12-27T10:04:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bestessayhomework.com\/tr\/?p=8230"},"modified":"2021-12-27T13:04:49","modified_gmt":"2021-12-27T10:04:49","slug":"buhar-basinci-is-sagligi-ve-guvenligi-tez-yaptirma-isg-is-sagligi-ve-guvenligi-tez-yaptirma-ucretleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bestessayhomework.com\/tr\/buhar-basinci-is-sagligi-ve-guvenligi-tez-yaptirma-isg-is-sagligi-ve-guvenligi-tez-yaptirma-ucretleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Buhar Bas\u0131nc\u0131 \u2013 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Tez Yapt\u0131rma \u2013 \u0130SG \u2013 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Tez Yapt\u0131rma \u00dccretleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Buhar Bas\u0131nc\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131 (VP), bir buhar\u0131n s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131 ile dengedeyken uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bas\u0131n\u00e7t\u0131r. Kolayca buharla\u015fan s\u0131v\u0131lar, kolayca buharla\u015fmayanlardan daha fazla buhara neden olur. Bu nedenle, daha u\u00e7ucu s\u0131v\u0131lar daha y\u00fcksek VP’lere sahiptir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bir s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n buharla\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in molek\u00fcller aras\u0131 etkile\u015fimlerinin k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finden, molek\u00fcller aras\u0131 kuvvetleri zay\u0131f olan s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n VP’leri y\u00fcksek ve molek\u00fcller aras\u0131 kuvvetleri g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n VP’leri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. 1-pentanol en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc molek\u00fcller aras\u0131 kuvvetlere sahip oldu\u011fundan, yukar\u0131daki \u00f6rne\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131klamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131rsan\u0131z, bu s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n en y\u00fcksek kaynama noktas\u0131na ve en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck VP’ye sahip olmas\u0131n\u0131 beklersiniz. Heksan en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kaynama noktas\u0131na ve en y\u00fcksek buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131na sahip olacakt\u0131r. VP ve kaynama noktas\u0131 olma e\u011filimindedir<\/span>.\u00a0U\u00e7uculuk, belirli atmosferik ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda buharla\u015fma derecesidir. S\u0131cakl\u0131k ve nem (havadaki su buhar\u0131n\u0131n doygunlu\u011fu), bir kimyasal\u0131n sahip olabilece\u011fi u\u00e7uculuk \u00fczerinde do\u011frudan bir etkiye sahiptir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Farkl\u0131 organik bile\u015fik t\u00fcrlerine bakarsan\u0131z, en polar bile\u015fiklerin (alkoller ve karboksilik asitler) g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc molek\u00fcller aras\u0131 kuvvetlerle uyumlu fiziksel \u00f6zelliklere sahip oldu\u011funu ve en az polar bile\u015fiklerin (hidrokarbonlar) zay\u0131f molek\u00fcller aras\u0131 kuvvetlerle tutarl\u0131 fiziksel \u00f6zelliklere sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc molek\u00fcller aras\u0131 kuvvetler, bile\u015fiklerin daha y\u00fcksek kaynama noktalar\u0131na ve daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck VP’lere sahip olmas\u0131na ve zay\u0131f molek\u00fcller aras\u0131 kuvvetler, bile\u015fiklerin daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kaynama noktalar\u0131na ve daha y\u00fcksek VP’lere sahip olmas\u0131na neden olur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Faz Diyagram\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Kimyasallar, yeni bir madde durumuna ge\u00e7meden \u00f6nce belirli bir bas\u0131nca ve s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa ihtiya\u00e7 duyarlar. Bir faz diyagram\u0131, maddenin halleri ile kat\u0131dan s\u0131v\u0131ya ve s\u0131v\u0131dan buhara ge\u00e7i\u015fler aras\u0131ndaki bu ili\u015fkileri g\u00f6rmemizi sa\u011flar. Bir bile\u015fi\u011fin \u00fc\u00e7 faz\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu ko\u015fullar, faz diyagram\u0131 ile \u00f6zetlenebilir ve g\u00f6rsel olarak temsil edilebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bir faz diyagram\u0131nda, s\u0131cakl\u0131k x ekseni \u00fczerinde \u00e7izilir\u00a0<\/span>ve bas\u0131n\u00e7 y ekseninde \u00e7izilir. Her zaman \u00fc\u00e7 sat\u0131rla ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir faz diyagram\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 alan\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Bu \u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7izginin birle\u015fti\u011fi nokta, \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc nokta veya \u00fc\u00e7 faz\u0131n (gaz, s\u0131v\u0131 ve kat\u0131) ayn\u0131 anda dengede bulunabilece\u011fi s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve bas\u0131n\u00e7t\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

En soldaki alan, bir bile\u015fi\u011fin kat\u0131 oldu\u011fu ko\u015fullar\u0131 temsil eder. Bu, s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ve bas\u0131n\u00e7lar\u0131n en y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu alan oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in mant\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r. En sa\u011fdaki alan, malzemenin gaz olarak bulundu\u011fu ko\u015fullar\u0131 temsil eder. Bu mant\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu b\u00f6lgede s\u0131cakl\u0131klar daha y\u00fcksek ve bas\u0131n\u00e7lar daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aradaki alan, bile\u015fi\u011fin s\u0131v\u0131 olarak var oldu\u011fu ko\u015fullar\u0131 temsil eder. \u00dc\u00e7 alan\u0131 ay\u0131ran \u00e7izgiler, iki faz\u0131n dengede oldu\u011fu ko\u015fullar\u0131 temsil eder. A’dan B’ye do\u011fru, kat\u0131 ve gaz aras\u0131ndaki dengeyi temsil eder. Buna s\u00fcblimasyon e\u011frisi denir. B’den C’ye do\u011fru, s\u0131v\u0131 ve gaz\u0131n dengede oldu\u011fu ko\u015fullar\u0131 \u00f6zetler. Buna VP e\u011frisi denir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

S\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n buhar<\/a> bas\u0131nc\u0131 \u00d6zellikleri<\/span>
\nS\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131<\/span>
\nDenge buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131 nelere ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r<\/span>
\nAlkol\u00fcn buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131<\/span>
\nBir s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131 artar m\u0131<\/span>
\nDenge buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131<\/span>
\nKaynarken buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131<\/span>
\nGazlarda buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

B’den D’ye do\u011fru, kat\u0131 ve s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n dengede oldu\u011fu ko\u015fullar\u0131 \u00f6zetler. Buna erime veya f\u00fczyon e\u011frisi denir. C noktas\u0131nda, bir maddenin kritik s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlayabilirsiniz. Kritik s\u0131cakl\u0131k, \u00fczerinde ne kadar bas\u0131n\u00e7 uygulan\u0131rsa uygulans\u0131n bir gaz\u0131n s\u0131v\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclemedi\u011fi s\u0131cakl\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kritik bas\u0131n\u00e7, bir gaz\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in gereken kritik s\u0131cakl\u0131ktaki bas\u0131n\u00e7t\u0131r. C’nin hemen \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7mek, bas\u0131nc\u0131 artt\u0131rman\u0131n gaz\u0131n s\u0131v\u0131ya ge\u00e7mesini sa\u011flamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Tam C noktas\u0131nda, maddenin gazdan s\u0131v\u0131 hale ge\u00e7ebilmesi i\u00e7in ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken belirli bir kritik bas\u0131n\u00e7 vard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u0131cakl\u0131k ekseni boyunca sa\u011fa do\u011fru hareket ettik\u00e7e, maddenin halleri belirli bir bas\u0131n\u00e7ta de\u011fi\u015fir. Suyun faz diyagram\u0131nda, 1 atm’den ba\u015flayarak soldan sa\u011fa hareket ederseniz, erime \u00e7izgisine 0oC’de ve VP \u00e7izgisine 100oC’de \u00e7arpaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 g\u00f6rebilirsiniz. Belirli bir s\u0131cakl\u0131kta bas\u0131n\u00e7 eksenini yukar\u0131 do\u011fru hareket ettirdik\u00e7e, durumlar da de\u011fi\u015fir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin, grafi\u011fin B\u2013C k\u0131sm\u0131na bakmak, bir s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131-s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlar. Bu \u00e7izgi boyunca herhangi bir noktada s\u0131v\u0131, gaz faz\u0131 ile dengededir. Bu su olsayd\u0131, s\u0131v\u0131 su ve su buhar\u0131, s\u0131v\u0131 ve gaz (buhar) durumu aras\u0131nda dengede olurdu. S\u0131v\u0131 halden gaz haline ge\u00e7meye buharla\u015fma veya buharla\u015fma denir; gazdan s\u0131v\u0131 hale, yo\u011fu\u015fma. B-C \u00e7izgisi boyunca g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz denge, kriyojenik s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n nas\u0131l olu\u015ftu\u011fudur. S\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrerek veya bas\u0131nc\u0131 art\u0131rarak gaz bir s\u0131v\u0131ya ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

A ve B aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7izgi kat\u0131n\u0131n VP’sini temsil eder ve kat\u0131 ile gaz aras\u0131ndaki dengeyi tan\u0131mlar. Bir maddenin s\u0131v\u0131 hale gelmeden kat\u0131 halden gaz hale ge\u00e7mesine s\u00fcblimle\u015fme denir. Bas\u0131n\u00e7 denge noktalar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, B noktas\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki herhangi bir s\u0131cakl\u0131kta bile\u015fik s\u00fcblimasyona u\u011frayacakt\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, g\u0131dalar\u0131n dondurularak kurutulmas\u0131 bu i\u015flemi kullan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u2013D, kat\u0131 ve s\u0131v\u0131 hal aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve bas\u0131n\u00e7 ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 temsil eder. Kat\u0131 halden s\u0131v\u0131 hale ge\u00e7i\u015fe erime veya f\u00fczyon, s\u0131v\u0131dan kat\u0131 hale ise kat\u0131la\u015fma denir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Genel olarak gazlar i\u00e7in, bas\u0131nc\u0131n eklenmesi gaz\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131 duruma zorlayabilir. Baz\u0131 gazlar i\u00e7in, gaz farkl\u0131 bir madde durumuna ge\u00e7meden \u00f6nce bas\u0131n\u00e7 bir s\u0131cakl\u0131kla ili\u015fkilendirilir. Acil m\u00fcdahale ekipleri olarak kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilece\u011finiz s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f gazlar, \u00fczerlerine bask\u0131 uygulanm\u0131\u015f ve b\u00f6ylece s\u0131v\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f gazlard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bazen kimyasal madde bas\u0131n\u00e7 alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda s\u0131cakl\u0131k d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bas\u0131n\u00e7 tek ba\u015f\u0131na molek\u00fcller \u00fczerinde yeterli k\u0131s\u0131tlamay\u0131 sa\u011flayamayabilir. Molek\u00fcller hala gaz halini korumak i\u00e7in yeterli kinetik enerji i\u00e7erir. S\u0131cakl\u0131k, ilgili bas\u0131n\u00e7la kritik seviyeye d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, malzeme gazdan s\u0131v\u0131ya ge\u00e7er.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u0131v\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f petrol gazlar\u0131 (LPG’ler), bu tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n amac\u0131 do\u011frultusunda tek bir gaz olarak ele alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z gazlar\u0131n bir kombinasyonudur. Gaz bir kaba konur ve tanktaki bas\u0131nc\u0131n artmas\u0131yla gazlar maddenin s\u0131v\u0131 haline yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131r. LPG’nin \u00f6nemli bir bile\u015feni olan propan\u0131n genle\u015fme oran\u0131 1:270 genle\u015fme oran\u0131na sahiptir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bir propan tank\u0131nda bir valf a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, s\u0131v\u0131 ve gaz aras\u0131ndaki bas\u0131n\u00e7 azal\u0131r ve propan kaynar. S\u0131v\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f gaz buhar\u0131 \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in kaynar, b\u00f6ylece s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc buharla\u015fma endotermik bir i\u015flemdir (\u0131s\u0131y\u0131 emer). Bu prensip, bir LPG tank\u0131 \u00fczerindeki bir valfi taktik olarak \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. Propan\u0131n d\u0131\u015far\u0131 s\u0131zmas\u0131na izin vererek (alan koruma ve s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme hatlar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir), LPG donmu\u015f bir LPG tabakas\u0131 olu\u015fturacak ve valf \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131p yerine yenisi konulabilecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Buhar Bas\u0131nc\u0131 Buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131 (VP), bir buhar\u0131n s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131 ile dengedeyken uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bas\u0131n\u00e7t\u0131r. Kolayca buharla\u015fan s\u0131v\u0131lar, kolayca buharla\u015fmayanlardan daha fazla buhara neden olur. Bu nedenle, daha u\u00e7ucu s\u0131v\u0131lar daha y\u00fcksek VP’lere sahiptir. Bir s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n buharla\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in molek\u00fcller aras\u0131 etkile\u015fimlerinin k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finden, molek\u00fcller aras\u0131 kuvvetleri zay\u0131f olan s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n VP’leri y\u00fcksek ve molek\u00fcller aras\u0131 kuvvetleri g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n VP’leri…
Devam\u0131<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":8233,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17875,17874,17873],"tags":[17879,17880,17881,17878,17883,17882,17877,17876],"class_list":["post-8230","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bir-sivinin-sicakligi-arttikca-buhar-basinci-artar-mi","category-denge-buhar-basinci-nelere-baglidir","category-sivilarin-buhar-basinci-ozellikleri","tag-alkolun-buhar-basinci","tag-bir-sivinin-sicakligi-arttikca-buhar-basinci-artar-mi","tag-denge-buhar-basinci","tag-denge-buhar-basinci-nelere-baglidir","tag-gazlarda-buhar-basinci","tag-kaynarken-buhar-basinci","tag-sivilarin-buhar-basinci","tag-sivilarin-buhar-basinci-ozellikleri"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t