{"id":8254,"date":"2021-12-28T10:48:51","date_gmt":"2021-12-28T07:48:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bestessayhomework.com\/tr\/?p=8254"},"modified":"2021-12-28T10:48:51","modified_gmt":"2021-12-28T07:48:51","slug":"basinc-hacim-iliskisi-is-sagligi-ve-guvenligi-tez-yaptirma-isg-is-sagligi-ve-guvenligi-tez-yaptirma-ucretleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bestessayhomework.com\/tr\/basinc-hacim-iliskisi-is-sagligi-ve-guvenligi-tez-yaptirma-isg-is-sagligi-ve-guvenligi-tez-yaptirma-ucretleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Bas\u0131n\u00e7-Hacim \u0130li\u015fkisi \u2013 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Tez Yapt\u0131rma \u2013 \u0130SG \u2013 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Tez Yapt\u0131rma \u00dccretleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gazlar\u0131n Kinetik-Molek\u00fcler Teorisi<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Fahrenheit ve Santigrat s\u0131cakl\u0131k \u00f6l\u00e7eklerini kullan\u0131rken negatif s\u0131cakl\u0131klar olabilir, bu nedenle bunlar mutlak s\u0131cakl\u0131k \u00f6l\u00e7ekleri de\u011fildir. \u0130ki mutlak s\u0131cakl\u0131k \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi vard\u0131r. Bilim adamlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan Kelvin \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fidir. Kelvin \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde s\u0131f\u0131r, m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kt\u0131r. Su 273\u00b0K’da donar ve su 373\u00b0K’da kaynar. Suyun donma ve kaynama noktalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda 100 derecelik bir s\u0131cakl\u0131k fark\u0131 oldu\u011fundan, Kelvin \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011findeki bir derecenin boyutu, Celsius \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011findeki bir derecenin boyutuyla ayn\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Celsius’tan Kelvin’e d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in, Celsius’taki s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa 273 ekleyin. Bu nedenle, Celsius \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011findeki mutlak en so\u011fuk s\u0131cakl\u0131k -273\u00b0C’dir. Rankine \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi ad\u0131 verilen ba\u015fka bir mutlak s\u0131cakl\u0131k \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi vard\u0131r. Kelvin \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fine benzer \u015fekilde, m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131k s\u0131f\u0131rd\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, Rankine \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011findeki derecenin boyutu, Fahrenheit \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011findeki bir derecenin boyutuyla ayn\u0131d\u0131r ve suyun donma noktas\u0131n\u0131 491.7\u00b0R ve suyun kaynama noktas\u0131n\u0131 671.4\u00b0R yapar. Fahrenheit’ten Rankine’e d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in 459.7 eklersiniz, bu da Fahrenheit \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde mutlak en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 -459.7\u00b0F yapar. Fahrenheit ve Rankine \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011findeki derecenin boyutunun Celsius ve Kelvin cinsinden (1\u00b0C veya K = 5\/9\u00b0F veya R) derece boyutundan daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck oldu\u011funa dikkat edin.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u0131cakl\u0131k veya bas\u0131n\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015fimi gibi ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda gazlar\u0131n fiziksel \u00f6zelliklerine ne olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tahmin etmemize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan model, tamam\u0131 ilk kez 1857’de Rudolf Clausius taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlanan gazlar\u0131n kinetik-molek\u00fcler teorisi olarak bilinir.<\/span><\/p>\n

1. Gazlardaki molek\u00fcller s\u00fcrekli, rastgele hareket halindedir.<\/span>
\n2. Tek tek gaz molek\u00fcllerinin toplam hacmi, gaz\u0131n kaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplam hacme k\u0131yasla ihmal edilebilir. Bunun anlam\u0131, bir molek\u00fcl\u00fcn kaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7ek hacmin, toplam gaz hacmiyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir \u015fey olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span>
\n3. Molek\u00fcller aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7ekici ve itici kuvvetler ihmal edilebilir d\u00fczeydedir. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, temelde molek\u00fcller aras\u0131 kuvvetler yoktur.<\/span>
\n4. Molek\u00fcllerin ortalama kinetik enerjisi sabittir,\u00a0<\/span>sabit s\u0131cakl\u0131kta (her ne kadar kinetik enerjisi<\/span>\u00a0bireysel molek\u00fcller de\u011fi\u015febilir).<\/span>
\n5. Molek\u00fcllerin ortalama kinetik enerjisi do\u011frudan<\/span>\u00a0mutlak s\u0131cakl\u0131kla orant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, s\u0131cakl\u0131k artarsa \u200b\u200bgaz molek\u00fcllerinin ortalama kinetik enerjisi de artar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Son olarak, gazlar\u0131n kinetik-molek\u00fcler teorisini uygulamak i\u00e7in bas\u0131nc\u0131 tan\u0131mlayal\u0131m. Bas\u0131n\u00e7, belirli bir alana etki eden kuvvettir. Bir gaz i\u00e7in bas\u0131nc\u0131n, kap y\u00fczeyiyle molek\u00fcler \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalardan kaynaklanan kuvvet oldu\u011funu anlarsan\u0131z, s\u0131cakl\u0131k, hacim ve bas\u0131nc\u0131n nas\u0131l ili\u015fkili oldu\u011funu analiz edebilirsiniz.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kimyagerler taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan en yayg\u0131n bas\u0131n\u00e7 birimi atmosferdir (atm). Kullan\u0131lan di\u011fer birimler aras\u0131nda torr, Pascal (Pa) ve in\u00e7 kare ba\u015f\u0131na pound (psi) bulunur.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

bas\u0131n\u00e7 \u2013 hacim<\/a> ili\u015fkisi (boyle yasas\u0131)<\/span>
\nBas\u0131n\u00e7 hacim form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/span>
\nGazlar\u0131n bas\u0131n\u00e7 hacim ili\u015fkisi kim buldu<\/span>
\nS\u0131v\u0131larda hacim bas\u0131n\u00e7 ili\u015fkisi<\/span>
\nS\u0131cakl\u0131k hacim do\u011fru orant\u0131l\u0131 m\u0131<\/span>
\nS\u0131v\u0131 bas\u0131n\u00e7 s\u0131cakl\u0131k ili\u015fkisi<\/span>
\nGazlar\u0131n Bas\u0131n\u00e7 Hacim \u0130li\u015fkisi<\/span>
\nKat\u0131larda s\u0131cakl\u0131k hacim ili\u015fkisi<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Bas\u0131n\u00e7-Hacim \u0130li\u015fkisi<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Bas\u0131n\u00e7 de\u011feri, gaz molek\u00fcllerinin kab\u0131n y\u00fczeyiyle \u00e7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 frekans ve kuvvete kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k geliyorsa, gaz\u0131 tutan kab\u0131n hacmi b\u00fcy\u00fcrse bas\u0131nca ne olur sizce? Gazlar\u0131n kinetik ve molek\u00fcler teorisini uygulad\u0131ktan sonra, bir gaz kab\u0131n\u0131n hacmini artt\u0131r\u0131rsan\u0131z, kaptaki \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n azalaca\u011f\u0131 ve bunun sonucunda bas\u0131n\u00e7ta bir azalma olaca\u011f\u0131 sonucuna var\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hacim ve bas\u0131n\u00e7 aras\u0131ndaki ters ili\u015fki, sabit s\u0131cakl\u0131kta sabit miktarda gaz\u0131n hacminin bas\u0131n\u00e7la ters orant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirten Boyle Yasas\u0131 ile \u00f6zetlenir. Bunun anlam\u0131, kap hacmi azald\u0131k\u00e7a, bas\u0131n\u00e7 artt\u0131k\u00e7a ve bunun tersi Matematiksel olarak \u015fu \u015fekilde yaz\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6nceki denklemde, “orant\u0131l\u0131” anlam\u0131na gelir, bu nedenle \u00f6nceki denklemler “hacim bir a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bas\u0131n\u00e7la orant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r” veya “hacim baz\u0131 sabit \u00e7arp\u0131 bir a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bas\u0131nca e\u015fittir” \u015feklinde okunur. Bu sabitin de\u011feri bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde daha sonra tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/span>
\nBoyle Yasas\u0131, di\u011fer her \u015fey sabit olsayd\u0131 (yani, s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve gaz miktar\u0131), a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ili\u015fkinin do\u011fru olaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Burada P bas\u0131nc\u0131, V ise hacmi ifade eder. P hacimle ters orant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fundan, hacim azald\u0131k\u00e7a bas\u0131n\u00e7 artar, b\u00f6ylece 1. durumdaki bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve hacmin \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131, 2. durumdaki bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve hacmin \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131 ile ayn\u0131 de\u011fer olur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Geni\u015fleme Oranlar\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Bu tart\u0131\u015fma, gazlar\u0131n bir silindire, gazlar i\u00e7in bir kaba yerle\u015ftirilmesini i\u00e7eriyor, ancak bu olaydan sal\u0131nma ve potansiyel sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n da tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Unutmay\u0131n, bu gaz\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131n\u0131z ve bir kaba yerle\u015ftirdiniz. Genle\u015fme, sadece artan bas\u0131n\u00e7tan kaynaklanabilir veya konteynere istenen miktarda gaz almak i\u00e7in s\u0131cakl\u0131k d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. Her iki durumda da, konteyner ihlal edildi\u011finde ve e\u011fer gaz\u0131n genle\u015fme ko\u015fuluna sahipsiniz.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6rnek olarak silan (SiH4), silindirinde s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ideal olmayan bir davran\u0131\u015f sergiler. Konteyner k\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u201335 \u00b0F i\u00e7 s\u0131cakl\u0131kta ve 150 psig bas\u0131n\u00e7ta karbon dioksit i\u00e7eren bir dewar, 68.74 lb\/ft3 s\u0131v\u0131 yo\u011funlu\u011funa sahip oldu\u011funda. Bu, 0.115 lb\/ft3 gaz yo\u011funlu\u011funa sahip 70\u00b0F’ye buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lsayd\u0131, geni\u015fleme oran\u0131 68.74\/0.115 = 598 olurdu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Charles Yasas\u0131: S\u0131cakl\u0131k Hacim \u0130li\u015fkisi<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir balon gibi hacmi de\u011fi\u015febilen bir kapta, sabit bas\u0131n\u00e7ta, belki de 1 atm’de tutulan bir gaz \u00f6rne\u011finiz oldu\u011funu hayal edin. Gazlar\u0131n kinetik ve molek\u00fcler teorisine dayanarak s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 artt\u0131r\u0131rsan\u0131z, o balonun hacmine ne olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz? Gazlar\u0131n kinetik ve molek\u00fcler teorisi, ortalama kinetik enerjinin s\u0131cakl\u0131kla orant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirtti\u011finden, numunedeki gaz molek\u00fcllerinin kinetik enerjisinin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyorsunuz.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinetik enerji s\u0131cakl\u0131kla artarsa, gaz molek\u00fcllerinin daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ve daha uzak mesafelere hareket etti\u011fini bilirsiniz. Durum b\u00f6yle oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in gaz\u0131n ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla balonun hacmi artacakt\u0131r. Bir gaz i\u00e7in s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve hacim aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki, sabit bas\u0131n\u00e7ta sabit miktarda gaz\u0131n hacminin s\u0131cakl\u0131kla do\u011fru orant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirten Charles Yasas\u0131 ile \u00f6zetlenir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu denklemler \u201chacim s\u0131cakl\u0131kla orant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r\u201d veya \u201chacim sabit \u00e7arp\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131kt\u0131r\u201d \u015feklinde okunur. Bu sabitin de\u011feri bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde daha sonra tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir solunum cihaz\u0131n\u0131n (SCBA) bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava ile doldurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kademeli bir sistemin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 bu ilkeleri takip eder. \u00d6rne\u011fin, solunum havas\u0131 kompres\u00f6r\u00fc olmayan baz\u0131 itfaiye departmanlar\u0131 y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 t\u00fcplerden dolduracakt\u0131r. Onlar yapar. B<\/span>u, bo\u015f SCBA t\u00fcp\u00fcn\u00fcn bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131, doldurulacak silindire g\u00f6re en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bas\u0131nc\u0131 i\u00e7eren silindirle e\u015fitleyerek (bu, Acil Sa\u011fl\u0131k Hizmetleri [EMS] i\u00e7in oksijen kaskad sistemleri ile de yap\u0131l\u0131r).<\/span><\/p>\n

Bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 silindir (doldurma silindiri) bo\u015f silindire a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 havan\u0131n kullanabilece\u011fi hacim artar, bu da bas\u0131nc\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesine neden olur. \u0130ki silindirin bas\u0131n\u00e7lar\u0131 e\u015fitlendi\u011finde, al\u0131c\u0131 silindir daha sonra bir sonraki y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 dolum silindirine ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r. Daha sonra bir sonraki en y\u00fcksek bas\u0131nca ve SCBA silindiri dolana kadar devam ederler.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu ayn\u0131 zamanda, s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 yapan bir s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f gaz silindirindeki bas\u0131nc\u0131 bo\u015f silindirlere s\u0131rayla e\u015fitleyen \u00f6nemli bir acil durum m\u00fcdahale tekni\u011fidir. Bas\u0131nc\u0131 daha y\u00f6netilebilir bir d\u00fczeye indirmek i\u00e7in birka\u00e7 silindir kullan\u0131lacakt\u0131r. (Not: Bu teknik, s\u0131v\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f gazlarda etkisizdir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc s\u0131v\u0131lar gazlar gibi davranmazlar.)<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Gazlar\u0131n Kinetik-Molek\u00fcler Teorisi Fahrenheit ve Santigrat s\u0131cakl\u0131k \u00f6l\u00e7eklerini kullan\u0131rken negatif s\u0131cakl\u0131klar olabilir, bu nedenle bunlar mutlak s\u0131cakl\u0131k \u00f6l\u00e7ekleri de\u011fildir. \u0130ki mutlak s\u0131cakl\u0131k \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi vard\u0131r. Bilim adamlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan Kelvin \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fidir. Kelvin \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde s\u0131f\u0131r, m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kt\u0131r. Su 273\u00b0K’da donar ve su 373\u00b0K’da kaynar. Suyun donma ve kaynama noktalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda 100 derecelik bir s\u0131cakl\u0131k…
Devam\u0131<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":8197,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17916,17917,17918],"tags":[17919,17920,17925,17921,17926,17923,17924,17922],"class_list":["post-8254","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-basinc-hacim-iliskisi-boyle-yasasi","category-gazlarin-basinc-hacim-iliskisi-kim-buldu","category-sicaklik-hacim-dogru-orantili-mi","tag-basinc-hacim-iliskisi-boyle-yasasi","tag-basinc-hacim-formulu","tag-gazlarin-basinc-hacim-iliskisi","tag-gazlarin-basinc-hacim-iliskisi-kim-buldu","tag-katilarda-sicaklik-hacim-iliskisi","tag-sicaklik-hacim-dogru-orantili-mi","tag-sivi-basinc-sicaklik-iliskisi","tag-sivilarda-hacim-basinc-iliskisi"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t