{"id":8558,"date":"2022-01-19T11:46:44","date_gmt":"2022-01-19T08:46:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bestessayhomework.com\/tr\/?p=8558"},"modified":"2022-01-19T11:46:44","modified_gmt":"2022-01-19T08:46:44","slug":"el-yazmasi-farki-edebiyat-alaninda-tez-yaptirma-edebiyat-tez-yaptirma-ucretleri-edebiyat-odevleri-edebiyat-odev-ucretleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bestessayhomework.com\/tr\/el-yazmasi-farki-edebiyat-alaninda-tez-yaptirma-edebiyat-tez-yaptirma-ucretleri-edebiyat-odevleri-edebiyat-odev-ucretleri\/","title":{"rendered":"El Yazmas\u0131 Fark\u0131 \u2013 Edebiyat Alan\u0131nda Tez Yapt\u0131rma \u2013 Edebiyat Tez Yapt\u0131rma \u00dccretleri \u2013 Edebiyat \u00d6devleri \u2013 Edebiyat \u00d6dev \u00dccretleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

El Yazmas\u0131 Fark\u0131 <\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

El yazmalar\u0131 boyunca ki\u015fisel a\u00e7\u0131klamalar, o zamanlar hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok az \u015fey bulunabilen yazar\u0131 karakterize etmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu. Durumun neden b\u00f6yle oldu\u011fu k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc yazan ki\u015fi, Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn sert ve g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc bir muhalifiydi. R\u0131za Nur’un eserleri benim konferans\u0131m\u0131 verdi\u011fim 1965 y\u0131l\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7ok daha iyi bilinir ve eri\u015filebilir hale geldi. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakiler sadece baz\u0131 geli\u015fmelerin grafi\u011fini \u00e7\u0131karma giri\u015fimidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dr. R\u0131za Nur, 1879 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sinop’ta bir ayakkab\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n o\u011flu olarak d\u00fcnyaya geldi. Ordu tabibi olarak e\u011fitim g\u00f6rd\u00fc ve 1903 y\u0131l\u0131nda Askeri T\u0131p Akademisi’nden t\u0131p diplomas\u0131 ve y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131 r\u00fctbesiyle mezun oldu. \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti’ne (\u0130ttihad ve Teraqq\u012b) kat\u0131ld\u0131. Asistanl\u0131ktan sonra G\u00fclhane Harp Okulu’nda \u00f6\u011fretmen oldu.<\/span><\/p>\n

1908 devriminden sonra Sinop’a (en gen\u00e7) milletvekili se\u00e7ilerek Osmanl\u0131 Meclisi’ne girdi. Ancak k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti’nden ayr\u0131ld\u0131 ve 1911’de Liberal muhalefetteki H\u00fcrriyet ve Uyum (veya H\u00fcrriyet ve Uzla\u015fma) partisinin (\u1e24\u00fcrriyet ve \u0130\u02betil\u0101f) kurucular\u0131ndan biri oldu. \u0130ktidara geldikten sonra Liberaller, \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan devrildi; R\u0131za Nur birka\u00e7 kez tutukland\u0131 ve sonunda s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderildi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Paris’te ya\u015fad\u0131, 1918’de \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar iktidar\u0131 kaybetti\u011finde \u0130stanbul’a d\u00f6nd\u00fc ve 1920’de Mustafa Kemal liderli\u011findeki Milliyet\u00e7i Hareket ile s\u0131k\u0131 bir ittifak kurdu. Sinop Milletvekili ve E\u011fitim Bakan\u0131 olarak 1920’den 1922’ye kadar Ankara h\u00fck\u00fcmetini Sovyet Rusya ve Sovyet Ukrayna ile yap\u0131lan anla\u015fmalara giden m\u00fczakerelerde temsil etti ve 1922’de \u0130smet’i d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakan\u0131 olarak atad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k bakan\u0131 olarak halifeli\u011fi saltanattan ay\u0131ran \u00f6nergeyi \u00f6nerdi. \u0130smet’in Lozan’daki T\u00fcrk bar\u0131\u015f heyetindeki asistan\u0131 olarak, T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in elveri\u015fli bir bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fczakeresine yard\u0131m etti\u011finde kariyeri doruk noktas\u0131ndayd\u0131. Ancak k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra Ulusal Meclisin ikinci d\u00f6neminde h\u00fck\u00fcmet politikalar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftirilerini dile getirdi ve 1926’da \u00fclkeyi terk etmek zorunda kald\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Paris’te \u201ck\u00fcstah s\u00fcrg\u00fcnde yazan\u201d (Mango) R\u0131za Nur, \u00e7ok say\u0131da siyasi ve tarihi eser kaleme alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Paris’te kurdu\u011fu ancak 1931-1937 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u0130skenderiye’de \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 Revue de Turcologie’yi (T\u00fcrk Bilik Rev\u00fcs\u00fc) Frans\u0131zca ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olarak yay\u0131mlad\u0131. 1937’ye kadar sekiz cilt \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Anla\u015f\u0131lan 1931’de Leiden’de d\u00fczenlenen 18. Oryantalist Kongresi’ne birlikte kat\u0131ld\u0131.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

27 Ocak 1933’te R\u0131za Nur, Marsilya’dan ayr\u0131larak \u0130skenderiye’ye (M\u0131s\u0131r) ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131. Orada eserlerinden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f transkriptleri vard\u0131. 12 Mart 1935’te n\u00fcshalar tamamlan\u0131p ciltlendi\u011finde, \u201cAvrupa’ya g\u00f6nderip g\u00fcvenli yerlerde saklamaya\u201d karar verdi. Bunu yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m g\u00fcn tam bir huzur bulaca\u011f\u0131m.\u201d R\u0131za Nur, elyazmalar\u0131n\u0131 1960 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar okuyucuya verilmemek \u015fart\u0131yla Avrupa’n\u0131n d\u00f6rt b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00fct\u00fcphanesine sundu.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Voynich el yazmas\u0131<\/a> T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/span>
\nSana yazmalar\u0131<\/span>
\nSana yazmalar\u0131 Kuran<\/span>
\nYazma eserlerin fiziksel \u00f6zellikleri<\/span>
\nSana El Yazmalar\u0131<\/span>
\nSana yazmalar\u0131 ek\u015fi<\/span>
\nYazma eserlerin \u00f6zellikleri<\/span>
\nSel\u00e7uklu d\u00f6nemi el yazmalar<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra R\u0131za Nur T\u00fcrkiye’ye geldi. S\u00fcl\u00fcn Palas, \u015eehit Muhtar Caddesi, Taksim, \u0130stanbul’da bir m\u00fcrit \u00e7emberi ile \u00e7evrili olarak ya\u015fayan deneyimli bir ayd\u0131n ve politikac\u0131 olarak kariyerine son verdi. \u201cCesurca Osmanl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yapan\u201d haftal\u0131k Tanr\u0131da\u011f dergisinin edit\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yapt\u0131. 8 Eyl\u00fcl 1942’de altm\u0131\u015f \u00fc\u00e7 ya\u015f\u0131nda vefat etti\u011finde, arkada\u015flar\u0131 ve yanda\u015flar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan bir dizi \u00f6l\u00fcm ilan\u0131 yaz\u0131ld\u0131 ve anma konu\u015fmalar\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131;19 bunlar toplanarak 1962’de bir kitap\u00e7\u0131kta yay\u0131nland\u0131.20 Merkez Efendi’ye defnedildi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dr. Cavid Orhan T\u00fctengil (1921), 1963 y\u0131l\u0131nda ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapmak \u00fczere Londra’ya g\u00f6nderildi\u011finde, Dr. R\u0131za Nur’un el yazmalar\u0131 yak\u0131n zamanda British Museum’da eri\u015filebilir hale gelmi\u015fti. \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi’nde sosyoloji dersi veren T\u00fctengil, Montesquieu \u00fczerine \u00f6d\u00fcll\u00fc bir doktora tezi yazm\u0131\u015f ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc hareketin teorisyeni Ziya G\u00f6kalp hakk\u0131nda iki kitap yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

1963 yaz\u0131nda T\u00fctengil, az \u00e7ok Dr. R\u0131za Nur’un el yazmas\u0131 eserlerine rastlad\u0131. Yak\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fin bu kay\u0131tlar\u0131na hayret ederek, R\u0131za Nur’un pan-T\u00fcrkist ve \u0130slamc\u0131 bir siyasi parti kurma tasla\u011f\u0131yla ba\u015flayarak bunlara dikkat \u00e7ekmeye karar verdi. T\u00fctengil’in 1963\/1964 tarihli \u00fc\u00e7 yaz\u0131s\u0131 ve T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131ndaki protesto f\u0131rt\u0131nas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rnekleri 23 Ekim 1964 tarihli k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir kitapta toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

1965 y\u0131l\u0131nda makalem Bat\u0131l\u0131 g\u00f6zlemcilere sunuldu\u011funda, R\u0131za Nur’un Kemalizmi reddetmesi ve hilafete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn propagandas\u0131n\u0131 yapmas\u0131 bir tuhafl\u0131k gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyordu. O zamandan \u00f6nce, T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck (pan-T\u00fcrkizm ile birle\u015fen) ve \u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n pek uzla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131 yayg\u0131n olarak kabul ediliyordu. T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck, \u201c\u0130slam’a kar\u015f\u0131 ihmal veya d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131kla i\u015faretlenmi\u015f\u201d olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, R\u0131za Nur’un yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda Pan-T\u00fcrkizm’e \u0130slami bir i\u00e7erik ekleyen yeni bir sentez ak\u0131m\u0131, bir \u201c\u0130slami T\u00fcrkl\u00fck\u201d ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu arada Alt\u0131nda\u011f yay\u0131nevi (R\u0131za Nur taraf\u0131ndan bu isim alt\u0131nda bir dernek tasavvur edilmi\u015fti), Londra’dan getirilen mikrofilmlerden R\u0131za Nur’un an\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n (Hayat ve Hat\u0131rat\u0131m) \u00fc\u00e7 ciltlik ilk bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131. R\u0131za Nur’un el yaz\u0131s\u0131, yabanc\u0131 kelimelerin ola\u011fan \u201cfonetik\u201d yaz\u0131m\u0131yla modern yaz\u0131ya aktar\u0131ld\u0131 (R\u0131za Nur’un Kara Harp Okulu’ndaki Almanca \u00f6\u011fretmeni Dr. Georg Deycke Pa\u015fa i\u00e7in Dayka (1865-1938); \u201c\u00e7ok iyi\u201d i\u00e7in zergut) . An\u0131lar\u0131n sert dili, \u201cT\u00fcrkle\u015ftirmeye\u201d veya \u201csadele\u015ftirmeye\u201d pek ihtiya\u00e7 duymad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6ns\u00f6zlerinde (Takdim) yay\u0131nc\u0131lar hi\u00e7bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylediler; \u201cAtat\u00fcrk Kanunu\u201dna \u00f6nlem olarak sadece k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 s\u00f6z kesilmi\u015fti. Yine de h\u00fck\u00fcmet, Atat\u00fcrk ve \u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc hakk\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lay\u0131c\u0131 ve sald\u0131rgan s\u00f6zler (argoya varan ifadeler) nedeniyle hat\u0131ratlar\u0131n en az \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc yasaklad\u0131, ancak o zamana kadar \u201cAtat\u00fcrk Yasas\u0131\u201d etkinli\u011fini yitirmi\u015fti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yay\u0131nc\u0131lar, Mehmed Akif’le kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 R\u0131za Nur’un yaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n gelece\u011fin tarih\u00e7isi i\u00e7in kay\u0131t niteli\u011finde oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7ektiler. Bu 1967-1969’da oldu.<\/span><\/p>\n

On y\u0131l sonra, 7 Aral\u0131k 1979’da \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi Sosyoloji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyesi ve ba\u015fkan\u0131, Cumhuriyet gazetesi yazar\u0131 Dr. Cavit Orhan T\u00fctengil, \u00fcniversiteye giderken \u0130stanbul’un Levent il\u00e7esinde vurularak \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/span><\/p>\n

R\u0131za Nur’un eserlerinin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki listeyi, \u00f6zellikle son d\u00f6nemdeki yay\u0131nlar\u0131 dikkate alarak eklenmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013HistoryofTurkey,T\u00fcrktarihi,illusted,withmaps,yazar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 olarak kabul edilir. Cilt I-XII ilk olarak 1924-1926 y\u0131llar\u0131nda \u0130stanbul’da yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f ve yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Cilt XII bas\u0131ld\u0131 ama hemen geri \u00e7ekildi. El yazmas\u0131 olarak tamamlanan Cilt XIII, Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn emriyle bast\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (yazar\u0131n alfabe de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini k\u0131namas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir, Pan-T\u00fcrkizm’i ilan eder ve Anadolucuk’u ya\u015fayamaz olarak reddeder). Cilt XIV, 1931’de el yazmas\u0131 olarak tamamland\u0131.\u00a0<\/span>
\n-T\u00fcrkta\u02beri\u1e2bi,Abr\u00e9g\u00e9T\u00fcrkTarihi’nin k\u0131salt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f versiyonu,R\u0131za Nur taraf\u0131ndan 1930 ba\u015flar\u0131nda tamamland\u0131.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El Yazmas\u0131 Fark\u0131 El yazmalar\u0131 boyunca ki\u015fisel a\u00e7\u0131klamalar, o zamanlar hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok az \u015fey bulunabilen yazar\u0131 karakterize etmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu. Durumun neden b\u00f6yle oldu\u011fu k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc yazan ki\u015fi, Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn sert ve g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc bir muhalifiydi. R\u0131za Nur’un eserleri benim konferans\u0131m\u0131 verdi\u011fim 1965 y\u0131l\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7ok daha iyi bilinir ve eri\u015filebilir hale geldi. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakiler sadece…
Devam\u0131<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":8425,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18662,18664,18663],"tags":[18668,18666,18669,18667,18670,18665,18650,18627],"class_list":["post-8558","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-selcuklu-donemi-el-yazmalar","category-yazma-eserlerin-fiziksel-ozellikler","category-yazma-eserlerin-ozellikleri","tag-sana-el-yazmalari","tag-sana-yazmalari","tag-sana-yazmalari-eksi","tag-sana-yazmalari-kuran","tag-selcuklu-donemi-el-yazmalar","tag-voynich-el-yazmasi-turkce","tag-yazma-eserlerin-fiziksel-ozellikleri","tag-yazma-eserlerin-ozellikleri"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t