{"id":9076,"date":"2022-02-25T11:59:28","date_gmt":"2022-02-25T08:59:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bestessayhomework.com\/tr\/?p=9076"},"modified":"2022-02-25T11:59:28","modified_gmt":"2022-02-25T08:59:28","slug":"on-altinci-yuzyil-siiri-edebiyat-alaninda-tez-yaptirma-edebiyat-tez-yaptirma-ucretleri-edebiyat-odevleri-edebiyat-odev-ucretleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bestessayhomework.com\/tr\/on-altinci-yuzyil-siiri-edebiyat-alaninda-tez-yaptirma-edebiyat-tez-yaptirma-ucretleri-edebiyat-odevleri-edebiyat-odev-ucretleri\/","title":{"rendered":"On Alt\u0131nc\u0131 Y\u00fczy\u0131l \u015eiiri \u2013 Edebiyat Alan\u0131nda Tez Yapt\u0131rma \u2013 Edebiyat Tez Yapt\u0131rma \u00dccretleri \u2013 Edebiyat \u00d6devleri \u2013 Edebiyat \u00d6dev \u00dccretleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

On Alt\u0131nc\u0131 Y\u00fczy\u0131l \u015eiiri <\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

On alt\u0131nc\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131l \u015fiirinin evreleri \u00fczerinde \u00e7ok\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Eskiden ‘\u0130sko\u00e7 Chaucerians’ olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen \u015fey, \u015fimdi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde John MacQueen’in (1967), ‘\u0130sko\u00e7 R\u00f6nesans\u0131’ \u015fairleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla. Ayn\u0131 ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemini ayd\u0131nlatan ele\u015ftirel monografiler aras\u0131nda C.S.Lewis’in The Allegory of Love (1936), Priscilla Bawcutt’\u0131n Gavin Douglas (1976) ve A.C.Spearing’in Medieval to Renaissance in English Poetry (1985) adl\u0131 eserleri yer al\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sonunda Arthur Kinney (1987); ve John Scattergood’un (1983) g\u00fczel bir bask\u0131s\u0131 var. On alt\u0131nc\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n edebi tarihine uzun s\u00fcredir, CSLewis’in harika okunabilir Oxford \u0130ngiliz Edebiyat\u0131 Tarihi’nin (Oxford History of English in the Sixteenth Century (1954), ilk olarak Tudor m\u0131sras\u0131n\u0131n h\u00e2l\u00e2 s\u0131k s\u0131k b\u00f6l\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc a\u015famalar\u0131 (“s\u0131k\u0131c\u0131” ve “alt\u0131n”) etiketledi\u011fi hakim olmu\u015ftur. . Gascoigne ve Greville’in \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131na Yvor Winters’\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi radikal yeniden de\u011ferlendirme giri\u015fimleri pek ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmad\u0131. Wyatt’\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsemesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, \u00e7o\u011fu Lewisian kanonunu kabul ediyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

1950’lerin ve 1960’lar\u0131n en ilgin\u00e7 R\u00f6nesans ele\u015ftirilerinin \u00e7o\u011fu, yarat\u0131c\u0131 ele\u015ftirmenler ve d\u00fczeltici bilim adamlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki al\u0131\u015fveri\u015ften kaynakland\u0131. Ve Empson (1950) ile Rosemond Tuve (1952) aras\u0131ndaki Herbert tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n ek olarak bilim i\u00e7in stratejik bir sonucu vard\u0131. Empson, yazar\u0131n ne anlama geldi\u011fiyle de\u011fil, okuyucular\u0131n bir \u015fiiri ne anlama gelebilece\u011fiyle ilgili ele\u015ftiri t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ama George Herbert’in Okumas\u0131’nda (1952) \u00fcslup a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zarafetsiz olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen entelekt\u00fcel olarak \u00fcst\u00fcn olan Tuve, Herbert’in ‘Kurban’\u0131n\u0131 lit\u00fcrjik ba\u011flamlar\u0131na geri y\u00fckledi ve Empson’\u0131n Herbert’in \u015fiirinde orijinal olarak kabul etti\u011fi \u00f6zelliklerin asl\u0131nda ‘ge\u00e7mi\u015finde ima edildi\u011fini’ tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z g\u00f6sterdi. retorik olarak, yani her on yedinci y\u00fczy\u0131l kilise m\u00fcdaviminin a\u015fina oldu\u011fu metinlerle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Empson’\u0131n arg\u00fcman\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131kmas\u0131, bir R\u00f6nesans \u015fiiri ele\u015ftirmeninin retorik olarak yap\u0131lanlar\u0131 hesaba katmas\u0131n\u0131n ne kadar \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu kesin olarak g\u00f6sterdi. Benzer \u015fekilde, daha \u00f6nceki Elizabethan ve Metaphysical Imagery’nin (1947) amac\u0131, on yedinci y\u00fczy\u0131l imgelerinin on alt\u0131nc\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131nkinden nas\u0131l farkl\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve ay\u0131rt edici metafizik nitelikler nedeniyle varsay\u0131lan farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekte ne kadar de\u011fi\u015fmeyen \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctlere atfedilebilece\u011fini incelemekti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu kitab\u0131n da stratejik sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 vard\u0131. \u0130mgeleme modernistlerin iddia etti\u011fi kadar \u00f6nemliyse, ele\u015ftirmenin R\u00f6nesans retori\u011fi hakk\u0131nda bir \u015feyler bilmesi gerekiyordu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Retorik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, ama\u00e7lanan edebi olaylar\u0131 daha kesin olarak belirlemeyi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131larak, R\u00f6nesans ele\u015ftirisini tamamen daha sa\u011flam bir temele oturttu. Bu nihai hedef g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak, Ethel Seaton’\u0131n Abraham Fraunce’un The Arcadian Rhetorike’\u0131 (1950) gibi R\u00f6nesans retori\u011finin bask\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra retorik \u00fczerine bir\u00e7ok teknik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr uzmanl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fiir ele\u015ftirmenleri i\u00e7in kolayca eri\u015filebilir k\u0131lmak tamamen ba\u015fka bir mesele oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

gazelleri ve tarih d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmedeki ustal\u0131\u011f\u0131yla<\/a> tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f 16. yy divan \u015fairi<\/span>
\n16.yy t\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131 a\u00f6f pdf<\/span>
\nHayali ka\u00e7\u0131nc\u0131 Y\u00fczy\u0131l<\/span>
\nFuzuli ka\u00e7\u0131nc\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131l<\/span>
\nNedim ka\u00e7\u0131nc\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131l<\/span>
\n16. yy genel \u00f6zellikleri maddeler halinde<\/span>
\nBaki ka\u00e7\u0131nc\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131l<\/span>
\n17. y\u00fczy\u0131l \u015fairleri<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Belki de retori\u011fin en ilgin\u00e7 uygulamas\u0131, birbirini takip eden h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131klar, \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 almalar, \u00e7eviriler veya yeniden yazmalar yoluyla \u015fiirin \u00f6nceki \u015fiirden b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u00fcre\u00e7 olan taklit\u00e7ili\u011fi ke\u015ffetmek olmu\u015ftur. Bu do\u011frultuda y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n en etkili kitaplar\u0131ndan biri Ernst R.Curtius’un Avrupa Edebiyat\u0131 ve Latin Orta \u00c7a\u011flar\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Curtius, bireysel deha \u00fczerindeki romantik vurguyu d\u00fczelterek, klasik gelenekteki eserler taraf\u0131ndan payla\u015f\u0131lan baz\u0131 topoi veya kli\u015felerin izini s\u00fcrd\u00fc; \u015fairleri g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmeye istekli yap\u0131salc\u0131lar i\u00e7in uygun olmayan bir vurgudur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ancak retorik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n somutlu\u011fu da neredeyse ayn\u0131 derecede b\u00fcy\u00fck bir etkiye sahipti. Harold Ogden White’\u0131n \u00f6nemli \u0130ntihal ve \u0130ngiliz R\u00f6nesans\u0131 S\u0131ras\u0131nda Taklit (1935)’den bu yana, bor\u00e7luluk tedavilerinin nas\u0131l olgunla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekicidir; bu, en \u00e7ok Thomas Greene’in Troy’daki I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131’nda (1982) en \u00e7ok n\u00fcfuz eden, yaln\u0131zca kaynaklar\u0131n tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131ndan metinleraras\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n incelikli bir analizine kadard\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Greene’in, eski anlamlar\u0131 eri\u015filebilir tutan ge\u00e7mi\u015fle ger\u00e7ek etiyolojik ba\u011flar\u0131n izini s\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in belirsizli\u011fe y\u00f6nelik yap\u0131s\u00f6k\u00fcmc\u00fc hayranl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7mesini sa\u011flayan, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde retorik ve dil ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131ndaki donan\u0131md\u0131r. Taklit tarihindeki di\u011fer parlak ba\u015far\u0131lar aras\u0131nda Gordon Braden’in The Classics and English Renaissance Poetry (1978) ve Charles Martindale’in John Milton and the Transformation of Ancient Epic (1986) eserleri yer al\u0131r. Anlaml\u0131 bir \u015fekilde, bunlar\u0131n her ikisi de \u015fairlerin niyetlerinin tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 devam ettiriyor. Belki de kolektif metinleraras\u0131l\u0131k \u00fczerindeki vurgunun yeterince ileri gitti\u011fi hissedilir: Ne de olsa \u015faire \u00e7ok \u015fey bor\u00e7ludur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Retorik bilgisi ayn\u0131 zamanda t\u00fcr ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131rd\u0131 ve onlar\u0131 metinleraras\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 ele almada yeni kesinliklere zorlad\u0131. Dwight Durling’in de\u011ferli Georgic Tradition in English Poetry (1935) gibi daha eski \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, verileri i\u00e7in kal\u0131c\u0131 bir de\u011fere sahip olmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, modas\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015f ara\u00e7lard\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

W.W.Greg’in \u00fcrk\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc Pastoral Poetry and Pastoral Drama’s\u0131 (1906) bile, izledi\u011fi kal\u0131plar\u0131 nadiren anlamland\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Douglas Bush’un lezzetli Mitolojisi ve R\u00f6nesans Gelene\u011fi (1932), kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan \u015fiirler aras\u0131ndaki t\u00fcr farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etme e\u011filiminde olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, farkl\u0131 bir entelekt\u00fcel etkinlik d\u00fczeyine ula\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Empson’\u0131n Some Versions of Pastoral’\u0131 (1935) t\u00fcr yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 pop\u00fclerle\u015ftirdi, ancak ‘yarat\u0131c\u0131’ ve bilimsel ele\u015ftiri aras\u0131nda geni\u015fleyen bir bo\u015fluk g\u00f6sterdi; \u00d6rne\u011fin, Thomas G.Rosenmeyer’in Ye\u015fil Kabine’sine (1969) a\u015fina olan okuyucular, Empson’\u0131n kitab\u0131n\u0131, en az\u0131ndan pastoral muamelesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, mukayese edildi\u011finde belirsiz oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnemezler. Frank Kermode’un \u0130ngiliz Pastoral \u015eiirini (1952a) tan\u0131tan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck makalesinde daha fazla talimat var. Di\u015flerini retorik \u00fczerine kesen ele\u015ftirel bir nesil, jenerik kodlamay\u0131 on sekizinci y\u00fczy\u0131ldan bu yana herhangi bir zamandan \u00e7ok daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak ve eski etiketleri kabul etmeye daha az haz\u0131r olarak inceledi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu y\u00f6nde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc bir makale Rosalie Colie’nin Resources of Kind (1973) adl\u0131 eseriydi. Etkisi, \u00f6rne\u011fin Barbara Lewalski’nin Paradise Lost and the Rhetoric of Literary Forms’da (1985) ve Alastair Fowler’\u0131n Kinds of Literat\u00fcr\u00fc’nde (1982) a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. En geni\u015f a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ge\u00e7en y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n en h\u0131rsl\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcr sorunlar\u0131yla u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya James Hutton’\u0131n epigram (1935) ve Maren-Sofie R\u00f8stvig’inki gibi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a t\u00fcrsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar bi\u00e7imini ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

On Alt\u0131nc\u0131 Y\u00fczy\u0131l \u015eiiri On alt\u0131nc\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131l \u015fiirinin evreleri \u00fczerinde \u00e7ok\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Eskiden ‘\u0130sko\u00e7 Chaucerians’ olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen \u015fey, \u015fimdi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde John MacQueen’in (1967), ‘\u0130sko\u00e7 R\u00f6nesans\u0131’ \u015fairleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla. Ayn\u0131 ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemini ayd\u0131nlatan ele\u015ftirel monografiler aras\u0131nda C.S.Lewis’in The Allegory of Love (1936), Priscilla Bawcutt’\u0131n Gavin Douglas (1976) ve A.C.Spearing’in Medieval to Renaissance in English Poetry (1985)…
Devam\u0131<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":8425,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19928,19927,19926],"tags":[19934,19930,19936,19935,19932,19929,19931,19933],"class_list":["post-9076","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-16-yy-genel-ozellikleri-maddeler-halinde","category-16-yy-turk-edebiyati-aof-pdf","category-gazelleri-ve-tarih-dusurmedeki-ustaligiyla-taninmis-16-yy-divan-sairi","tag-16-yy-genel-ozellikleri-maddeler-halinde","tag-16-yy-turk-edebiyati-aof-pdf","tag-17-yuzyil-sairleri","tag-baki-kacinci-yuzyil","tag-fuzuli-kacinci-yuzyil","tag-gazelleri-ve-tarih-dusurmedeki-ustaligiyla-taninmis-16-yy-divan-sair","tag-hayali-kacinci-yuzyil","tag-nedim-kacinci-yuzyil"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t